Anti-freeze management measures for fruit trees
(1) Management measures after freezing damage of evergreen fruit trees such
as citrus, navel orange and bayberry.
1. After the frozen crown care
After the fruit trees are frozen, the aerial parts suffer different degrees
of damage or die. While the citrus is damaged before the repair, all the leaves
are removed, and other evergreen fruit trees such as bayberry should be trimmed
in time to restore the crown as soon as possible and reduce losses.
2. Loose soil warming, irrigation and yang
Immediately after thawing, loosen the soil under the canopy to increase the
soil temperature. Especially after dry freezing, the roots and the tree body
need more water, so it is necessary to fill the water in time.
3. Sawing the affected branches, coated wound protectants
After pruning or sawing, it is necessary to master the "timely", that is,
when the new shoots sprout, the raw and dead fruit lines are clearly cut off, or
the saws are dried. In principle, the dead part is cut off, and all the living
branches are kept. In this way, it is beneficial to the accumulation of
nutrients in the tree and the promotion of early sprouting of new shoots. When
trimming or sawing, larger wounds should be coated with a protective agent to
reduce moisture transpiration and protect against pests and diseases. In
principle, the new shoots that have been taken after freezing should be
preserved. However, a bud with 2 to 3 new shoots should be removed to ensure
normal growth of the new shoots and avoid canopy closure. New shoots that have
grown too much should be topped in time. After the snow damage occurs, the fruit
trees are coated with a protective agent (stone sulphur, paint, etc.) to prevent
decay. For the branches that have been cracked and not broken, it should not be
easily sawn off. It should be propped up with ropes or pillars to restore the
original shape, and then waxed oil, fresh cow dung, yellow mud slurry, etc., to
promote healing and restore growth. For unaffected foliage, trimmed as much as
possible, the branches that have been torn and tied, and trimmed according to
the severity of the injury to reduce nutrient and water consumption. New shoots
that are taken under the broken branch should be properly retained in order to
update and rejuvenate. In addition, it is also possible to exchange
high-breaking saplings or mature trees. Old trees that cannot be updated should
be replanted.
4. Rational fertilization, restore the tree
After freezing, the function of the tree body is significantly weakened. In
the spring, fertilization should be carried out with water and fertilizer, and
the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be used as the main factor. The thin
application should be applied thinly and thin, and the fertilization should not
be too concentrated. For the first time, nitrogen fertilizer is the main one,
and the second and third times are appropriate to increase phosphorus and
potassium fertilizer. In addition, foliar topdressing and supplementation of
trace elements should also be carried out in due course.
5. Pay attention to the flower
The frozen tree has abnormal flower and obsolete flowers. Especially the
light-calored tree has a large amount of flowers and low fruit setting rate. In
order to reduce the nutrient consumption when the tree is flowering, it is
generally necessary to remove the deformed flower and obsolete flower from the
light frozen tree to improve the seat. Fruit rate. The frozen tree does not
leave flowers, prompting it to restore the tree as soon as possible.
6. Prevention of pests and diseases
After freezing, some branches are dead or damaged, and the branches are bare.
In the hot season in summer, it is easy to cause sunburn and cracked skin. It is
most prone to resin disease. Generally, in the early summer and late autumn, the
skin is scraped first, and then the alkali is used at a concentration of 1:4.
Water, painted 2-3 times, can achieve better results, can also be used to brush
the branches with stone sulfur to prevent sunburn. In addition, special
attention should be paid to the prevention and control of aphids, wind
butterflies, leaf curlers, mites, leaf miner and other pests and diseases, and
promote the normal growth of new shoots and young leaves.
(2) Management measures after freezing damage of deciduous fruit trees such
as pear, peach, apple and kiwi.
1. Scissor-stricken branches and coated wound protectants: After the
wintering branches of young trees are damaged by freezing, they can be observed
about half a month after germination (the tree is usually germinated for half a
month to one month) and the stems are cut off. In part, grafting in the spring
(peach tree grafting in summer), the grafting method is commonly used in the
splicing method and the cutting method. Apply 3-5 waves of sulphur sulphur
mixture to the kerf and cut.
2. Reasonable thinning and fruit thinning, control the amount of results, as
soon as possible to restore the growth of the tree, and promote partial healing
of the damage.
3. Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water: After the fruit trees
are subjected to freezing, they should be topdressed and watered as soon as
possible to promote their growth.
4. Prevention and control of pests and diseases and timely planting new
trees.
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many fruit managers will store more orchards antifrost candles before November.
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