Winter fruit tree antifreeze methods
Common fruit tree species include apples, pears, peaches, walnuts,
persimmons, cherries, apricots, plums, and jujubes. The cold winter has caused
great disadvantage to the wintering of these fruit trees. Many orchards have
different degrees of freezing damage every year, which affects the yield, while
the severe ones cause the production or dead trees in the coming year.
Therefore, we must do a good job of wintering protection of fruit trees. The
main measures are as follows:
1. Winter irrigation insulation. The heat capacity of water is higher than
that of soil, and winter soil water can reach water to raise temperature and
increase temperature to prevent freezing damage. Because the orchard is built on
hillsides, hills and rivers, the soil layer is shallow and the water retention
is poor. It is most likely to cause the fruit trees to suffer from dry and early
freezing damage. Therefore, when the soil is frozen in the night before
freezing, the fruit trees can be watered. It can be used in spring water to
prevent spring drought, promote the growth and development of fruit trees, and
store water in the water to keep the ground temperature relatively stable during
the winter, thus reducing the freezing damage.
2. The soil cover grass. Covering the rows of fruit trees with wheat straw,
hay grass, corn stalks, etc., it can block the cold wind from invading the
rhizome, weaken the freezing damage, and reduce the evaporation of soil
moisture, thereby maintaining the effect of warming and warming. When covering,
the wheat straw and other objects should be cut into small pieces of about 20cm
long, covered evenly and then covered with a layer of soil to prevent the wind
from being blown away. And after the cover rots, it can also become an organic
fertilizer that is good for tree growth.
3. The earthen roots. The rhizome of fruit trees is the most difficult to
withstand cold invasion, especially young trees, which are more susceptible to
freezing damage. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the cultivating of the
roots of the roots 10-20cm before the winter to prevent the roots from being
damaged.
4. Build a windshield. In cold years and severely cold years, in the
northwest direction about 50cm from the trunk, 50-1.5cm high earth wall, straw
fence or stripe cloth with bamboo rafters are used to make a windshield, which
is in the shape of a half moon. It can block the wind and prevent the fruit
trees from being frozen.
5. Dressing straw. That is, before entering the winter, stalking the trunk or
the main branch with straw or straw can prevent the cold wind from invading and
reduce the loss of water in the trunk. Before winding, it is best to soak the
entangled material in lime water for 1-2 days to disinfect and prevent the pests
from invading the fruit trees.
6. The trunk is painted white. After the fruit trees are picked, the
whitening trunk and the main branches are uniformly whitened with a whitening
agent to prevent freezing, sunburn, and killing of germs, eggs and adults hidden
in the trunk.
7. Smoke smoke freezes or ignites antifrost candles. This method is suitable
for cold nights. Using shredded firewood, crushed weeds, sawdust, clam shells,
etc. as fuel, ignite at around 12 o'clock in the evening, and control the smoke
to cover the space inside the orchard. Generally, 3-5 fire spots can be set per
acre orchard. Set it on the upwind. Or ignite the antifrost candles around 12
o'clock in the evening, there is no smoke, and the China vineyards antifrost
candles can burn for more than 8 hours. You can have a good night.
8. Film cover tree. The young shoots of the fruit trees are more susceptible
to freezing. Before the big frost comes, the sticky (sewed) film is placed on
the young trees, and the lower part is tied with a rope or buried in the root
soil to prevent freezing. effect.
9. Plastic film covering. Generally, before entering the winter, the ordinary
agricultural film is covered in a diameter of about 1 m around the trunk to
achieve the purpose of water retention, heat preservation and antifreeze. When
the temperature rises in the spring of the beginning of the year, the film
should be collected in time, washed and dried for reuse.
10. Clear snow. In some places, the snow is heavy and the snow is easy to
bend or break the branches. Branch bends and branches break the frostbite of the
fruit trees. Therefore, after the heavy snow, the trunk should be shaken
immediately, and the snow should be shaken to ensure the fruit trees survive the
winter.
11. Add winter fertilizer. If the fruit trees are not fertilized in autumn,
they can be applied to winter fertilizer in October. It can nourish and
strengthen trees and enhance the ability of fruit trees to resist cold. Winter
fertilization should be based on decomposed and semi-fertilized farmyard manure,
combined with the application of quick-acting fertilizers such as nitrogen,
phosphorus and potassium, which can be applied by opening annular grooves or
trenching.
12. Apply grass and ash. The color of the ash is dark, loose and porous, and
is rich in potassium. Apply it shallowly to the orchard soil, that is, loose the
soil, absorb heat and heat, reduce the freezing damage, and provide nutrients
such as potassium, phosphorus, calcium and silicon for the fruit trees.
Generally, 150-250kg of ash is applied per acre of orchard, and 3-5cm can be
applied to the soil, but the orchard with a pH of >8 should not be
applied.
13. Spray antifreeze. In the bud stage of fruit trees, special antifreeze for
fruit trees can improve the cold tolerance of flowers. There are many antifreeze
brands for fruit trees, which can be used selectively.
